Internal-combustion engine.



R. WARE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 24, 1913.

LlQZGS Patented Aug. 18, 191% 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1 ,I/{ZMI' fl w MAM 0v. Q 5 a. WQMQM R. WARE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.24, 1913.

1,107,468. Patented Aug. 18, 1914,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 b ma R. WARE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATlON FILED JAN.24,1913v LlO'YfLGS Patented Aug.18,1914.

3 SHEETS SHEET 34 A a f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAYMOND WARE, 0E BOSTON, MKSSACHUS'ETTS.

INTEItNAL-CQMBUSTIGN ENGINE.

memes.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1L8, 193%..

Application filed January 2'4, 1913. serial no. 744,054.

mechanism of internal combustion engines,

has been complicated and inaccurate and has pair castmg by two bolts T-T. The exhad much friction of moving parts and has required much lubrication and to overcome these objections I made my present invention which is a simple and accurate mechanism for producing continuous rotary, and longitudinally, reciprocating, movement of the sleeve valve of an internal combustion engine and has substantial practical advan-' ta'ges over anything heretofore known.

In the drawings: .Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section illustrating my invention as embodied in an internal combustion engine; Fig; 2 is a section on an enlar ed scale on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig; 3 is a ragmentary elevation on an enlarged scale; Fig. 4 is development of the cam surface of the sleeve; and Fig. 5is a section on line 55 of Fig. 1-. p

A and Brepresent' two internal combustion engine cylinders preferably cast together, the inlet port for the cylinders being shown at a and the exhaust port at b, and showing hollow sleeve valves C andD inserted in cylinders A and B respectively.

E and F are the pistons Which work inside, and are guided by, the sleeves C and D respectively, and which are connected to the connecting rods E F and transmit the power to the crank-shaft J.

K is a hollow main journal or eenter support for the crankshaft, midway between the two cylinders. This journal is supported in and by the web L which is art of the crank casing, being held rigidhy 1n place by j ournal-cap. m and bolts 11%.

Integral with the lower end of each sleeve C and D and surrounding them are gears O and Pwhich mesh together, there being a gear Q driving 0 and O in turn driving P. Crank shaft J drives bevel gear J which meshes with bevel gear J the latter being rigidly connected to gear Q. his gearing causes the two sleeves G and D to rotate continuously and uniformly and completely, about their respectlve axes, and any number of sleeves could. be operated in that way by gear Q.

In Fig. 2 I show a transverse section taken between the cylinders A and B, cutting the crank case through web L. R is a cast or drop-forged hanger, supporting two ball bearing rollers S-S, one on each side of the hanger, the axis of each being in the same line and parallel to a line through the crank shaft centers. Hanger R is bolted to the under side of the base of the cylinder terior annular circumferences of the rollers SS bear on the top surfaces of gears O and P. Below the rollers SS are two similar rollers UU, whose common axis is parallel to and directly below that of rollers Rollers UU are supported on the arbor W rigidly held in the web L as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and bear on .the bottom surfaces of the gearsO and P. The top and bottom surfaces of the gears O and P cons'titute' carn surfaces which form in each case, an unbroken surface around the sleeve,

a radial line in the surface of any one of these cam surfaces intersecting the axis of the sleeve of which it forms a part, and he- .i'ng at right'angles to its respective sleeve X, aiidfthat during the remaining one-half revolution it is forced back to its top or originalposition by guidance of the roller U on the bottom cam surface Y 'Each rollei moves in one direction only and this is an important matter inpreventing wear of the roller. above and below the gear, and bearing on their respective cam surfaces, gives one complete up and down movement for-every complete revolution of the sleeve about its axis, the exact nature of the up and down movement being pie-determined by the circumfereritial contour of these two cam surfaces. The two cam surfaces on each gear are so shaped and related that each roller is at all times in, contact with its respective cam S111? face. This is desirable because the longitudinal line at the point of contact between each roller and itseani surface is not at the An outline of the two cam surfaces on one a The action of the two rollers same angle with the line connecting the centers of the rollers for the cam, surfaces throughout the rotation of the sleeves.

This mechanism is applicable'to an internal combustion engine having any number of helical type, with teeth making a veryacute angle with the sleeve or gear axis, if so desired. The rollers revolvlng upon their stationary supports may be either plain, ball,

orv roller bearing, although ball or roller bearings are to be preferred on account of their longer wearing qualities, and the small amount of lubrication required, and in some cases it might be desirable to have fixed members instead of rolling members toengage the cam surface and thereby guide the sleeve.

In Fig. 5 I show sleeve C at the time of explosion the single port being then in its most remote position from the inlet and exhaust and its rotary position being indicated at Z,Z this position being also shown in Fig. l at Y Packing rings A and B are provided in the cylinder head to prevent leakage.

Among the advantages of my invention are that it provides a more compact, simple, efficient and durable, and less costly internal combustion engine, having no valve pockets or exposed valve members; of lighter weight, fewer parts, more direct and shorter gas passages, having but one valve member per cylinder, being more easily and accurately timed, and having but one port to perform the functions of admissionand exhaust, to provide for this port protection from the direct heat of compression and explosion, better protection against leakage, more uniform distribution of the lubricant over all parts of the valve member, causing moreuniform and less wear on the valve member, piston, piston rings, and cylinder, doing away with the cam eccentric, or longitudinal valve actuating shafts customary in all types of i-cycle internal combustion engines, and further providing by nature of its valve shape, location, and simple valve actuating mechanism, less diihcult and less costly cylinder' and crank case castings.

The action of the sleeve valve soas to show the cooperation of its valve port with the exhaust andinlet cylinder ports, assuming the cylinder in a vertical position, is as follows: At the time of the explosion in the cylinder, or at thebeginning of the power stroke, the sleeve is at or near its topmost position, the valve port being directly opposite the exhaust and inlet cylinder ports and covered by the cylinder head which projects into the sleeve valve from the top. As the pistongoes down on the power stroke the sleeve valve rotates and at the same time movesdownward with gradually increasing speed and the valve port in the sleeve moves in a direction toward the cylinder exhaust port. At the proper time the sleeve valve port appears from behind the cylinder head and begins to uncover the cylinder exhaust port allowing the spent gases to escape. Asthe sleeve valve continues to rotate the downward motion gradually decreases and the sleeve port uncovers more and more of the cylinder exhaust port until it is in exact registry with the exhaust port, and the maximum portopening is realized. Further rotation of the sleeve valve brings the valve port out of registry with the cylinder exhaust port and the cylinder exhaustport is closed to the working cylinder. .At this point the downward motion of the sleeve has stopped.- As the'sleevevalv,continues to rotate, shortly after the cylinder exhaust port is closed thesleeve valve port, begins to uncover the cylinder inlet port. At this point the sleeve starts to move upward as it rotates and increases gradually as thecylinder inlet port is rapidly uncovered by the sleeve valve port. When the sleeve port is in registry with the cylinderinlet port the upward motion is at a maximum and then gradually decreases as the sleeve port moves out of registry with the cylinder inlet port and begins to disappear behind the cylinder head. Further rotation closes the cylinder inlet port and finally the sleeve port is entirely covered by the cylinder head and it arrives at its original position ready to repeat the cycle.

What I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust; a sleeve valve within the cylinder and having a port; a gear connected to said sleeve and having a cam surface; a guide to engage said cam surface; a piston within, and guided by, the sleeve; and means to retate said sleeve completely about its axis, said guide giving to 'said gear and sleeve longitudinal motion during the rotation, and

the longitudinal and rotary movements jointly contributing to bring said port in and out of registry with said inlet and exhaust.

2. An internal combustion engine com-' prising a cylinder; a sleeve within the cylinder and having a gear near one end and having two continuous annular cam surfaces, one at each end of the gear; a driving gear to engage said sleeve gear; two guides,

and havin menace one to engage one cam surface and the other to engage the other cam surface to give the sleeve reciprocating longitudinal movement during the rotation.

sleeve; two roller guides, one located in en-' gagement with one cam} surface to give the valve longitudinal movement in one directionandthe other located in. engagement with the other cam surface to" give longitudinal movement to the valve in the other direction; and agear to engage said gear portion to give the sleeve alve continuous uniform rotary motion completely about its axis, said gear remaining in engagement with said gear portion! throughout the. longi I tudinal reciprocation of the sleeve.

4. A device of the character described comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust; a sleeve valve having one port only to coperate with said inlet and exhaust roller gui es, one located in engagement with one'cam surface to give the valve longitudinal movement in one direction and the other located in engagement with: the other cam surface to give longitudinal movement to the valve in the other direction; and a gear to engage said gear portion to give th sleeve valve continuous, uniform rotar motion completely around its axis, said gear remaini inengagement with said gear portion t reughout the longitudinal recipro- 5. A device of the character described comprising-a plurality of cylinders; a pinrality of sleeve valves in said cylinders and each valve having a gear portion, the gear portions of adjacent valves being in mesh; a gear to mesh with the gear portion-of one of said valvesand' thereby cause rotation of all of them; and means to give longitudinal reciprocating movement tosaid vaives-ouring their rotation.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing; having two cylinders each having an exhaust and an inlet; a sleeve valve within each cylinder and having one port only which port is adapted for successive registry withsaid inlet and exhaust,

said sleeves being 'in adjacency and each having a projecting gear surrounding its lower part, each gear having the same axis as the sleeve and being integral with it, the top and bottom of each gear formi continuous cam surfaces and the gears being in mesh; a piston within each sleeve valve; means to give to one of said gears continuous uniform, rotary motion completely about its axis; rollers held in stationary supports and engaging said top and bottom surfaces to giveone complete-longitudinal reciprocating two annular cam surfaces; two" movement to said "valves during one complete rotation thereof. I

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing having two cylinders; a sleeve valve within each cylinder and having a cam surface; a hanger mounted on said casing and supporting two rollers, each roller engaging one of said cam surfaces (to give said sleeves longitudinal movement in said cylinders; and means to rotate said sleeves during said longitudinal movement.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder casing; a sleeve valve '1 within said cylinder; a gear connected to said sleeve and having a cam surface; a hanger mounted on the base of said casing; a roller supported on said hanger and engaging said cam surface to give said sleeve longitudinal movement in said cylinder; and means to rotate said sleeve during said longitudinal movement.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder; a sleeve valve within said cylinder and having a cam surface; a piston within said cylinder; a crank case; .a crank; a rod connecting said piston and said crank; a 'web in the crank case carrying a yoke; an arbor in said yoke; a roller mounted on said arbor and engaging said cam surface to give said sleeve longitudinal movement in said cylinder; and means to rotate said sleeve during said longitudinal movement.

10. In an internal combustion engine a sleeve valve with gear teeth on its lower por- W6 tion; two continuous cam surfaces one at each extremity of the said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfaces; and a driving gear to engage said gear teeth, giving to said valve member simultaneous rotation my; and reciprocation. I

11. In an internal combustion engine a piston; a cylinder; a sleeve valve within the cylinder, concentric with and surrounding the pist n, with gear teeth on its lower porg tion an two continuous cam surfaces, one at each extremity of said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfaces; and a driving gear to engage said gear teeth, giving to and reciprocation.

12. In an internal combustion engine, a sleeve valve member having a single port 7 with gear teeth on its lower portion; two continuous annular cam surfaces, one at each extremity of said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfaces; and a driving gear to engage said gear teeth, giving to said valve member simultaneous rotation and reciprocation.

13. In an internal combustion engine, a lcylinder with an inlet and an exhaust port; E a sleeve valve member concentric with said ;cylinder and having gear teeth on its lower said valve. member simultaneous rotation n :portion; two continuous annular cam sur- 113's" faces, one at each extremity of said .gear' registry with said inlet and exhaust; a pis-.

ton mounted to reciprocate Within said sleeve valve; two continuous annular camsurfaces, one at each extremity of said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfaces and thereby reciprocate said sleeve; a driving gear to engage said gear teeth giving to said valve member rotation during said reciprocation thereby bringing said sleeve port into successive registry with the said exhaust and inlet.

15. In an internal combustion engine of the l-cycle type a cylinder with an inlet port and exhaust port; a sleeve valve 'member within, and concentric with, said cylinder and having a single port and being mounted to rotate said port into successive registry with said inlet and exhaust; a piston mounted to reciprocate within said sleeve valve; gear teeth on the lower portion of said sleeve valve; two continuous annular cam surfaces, one at each extremity of said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfaces and thereby reciprocate said sleeve; a driving gear to engage said gear teeth giving to said valve member rotation during said reciprocation, thereby bringing said sleeve port into successive registry with the said exhaust and inlet.

16 In an internal combustion engine a piston mounted to reciprocate; a cylinder With an inlet port and exhaust port; a sleeve valve member inside the cylinder concentric with and surrounding the piston and having a single port and being mounted to rotate said single port into successive rcgistry with said inlet and exhaust; gear teeth on the lower portion of said sleeve valve; two continuous annular cam surfaces one at each extremity of said gear teeth; guides to engage said cam surfacesand thereby reciprocate said sleeve; a driving gear to engage said gear teeth giving to said valve member rotation during said reciprocation thereby bringing said sleeve port into registry with the said. "'haust and inlet.-

.17. In an intern ibustion engine, a cylinder having and an exhaust port; a sleeve valve having one port only to cooperate with said inlet and exhaust and having gear teeth on its lower portion; two continuous annular cam surfaces one at each extremity of the said tQGti two roller guides, one located in engagement with one memes cam surface to give the valve longitudinal movement in one direction and the other located in engagement With the other cam surface to give longitudinal movement to the valve in the other direction; and a gear to engage said gear portion to give the sleeve valve continuous, uniform rotary motion completely around its axis, said gear remaining in engagement with said gear portion throughout the longitudinal reciprocation of the sleeve.

18. In an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders; a plurality of sleeve valves in said cylinders and each valve having a gear portion, the gear portions of adjacent valves being always in mesh; a driving gear to engage with the gear portion of one of the said valves and thereby cause rotation of all of them; two continuous cam surfaces, one at each extremity of the said gear portion of each sleeve valve; and guides to engage each of said cam surfaces, giving to each sleeve valve simultaneous rotation and reciprocation.

19. In an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, each having an inlet and exhaust; a plurality of sleeve valves, each having a single port, and being concentric with and in said cylinders, each valve having a gear portiomthe gear portions of adjacent valves being always in mesh; a driving gear to engage with the gear portion of one of the said valves and thereby causing rotation of all of them; two continuous cam surfaces, one at each extremity of the said gear portion of each sleeve valve; guides to engage each of said cam surfaces, giving to each sleeve simultaneous rotation and reciprocation, thereby bringing into registry the single port in each of said valves with its respective inlet and exhaust-4.

20. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder and a crank case; a sleeve in said cylinder having a gear portion and two continuous annular cam faces at the extremities of said gear a hanger bolted to the base of the cylinder supporting a roller guide eng ing one of the said cam surfaces; an arl 1: held in a supporting yoke in said crank case carrying a second roller guide eng ing the other of said cam surfaces; a driv g ear to engage said ti o n on the sleeve in lve, thereby ving to said sleeve valve itinuous simultaneous rotation and recipr An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust; a piston; a crank valve having only one p and being in the cylinder and surrounding said piston, having a wear annuiar n said gear 203.

races at t non; a han case sleeve portion and two continuous at? guide engaging-the other of said cam surfaces; a driving gear to engage said gear teeth on the sleeve valve, giving to said sleeve valve continuous simultaneous rota-' tion and reciprocation, thereby, bringing into registry the said single port in the sleeve with the inlet and exhaust port in the said cylinder.

22.,An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder casing inclosing two cylinders; a crank casing; a sleeve valve in each of said cylinders of said cylinder casing; a gear portion on one of said sleeves meshing with a similar gear portion on the other, with continuous cam surfaces at the extremities of each-of said gear portions; two roller guides supported on a hanger bolted to the base of said cylinder casing, each engaging its respective cam surface at one extremity of each of the said gear portions; an arbor held in a supporting yoke in said crank casing carrying two additional roller guides, each engaging its respective cam surface at the other extremity of each of said gear portions; a driving gear to engage one of said gear portions,

thereby, giving to said sleeve valves continuous simultaneous rotat1on and reclpro- 1 cation.

23. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust, a cylinder head fitted with packing rings projecting into saidcylinder; a

sleeve valve, having only one port, being let and exhaust, and sealing and protecting said sleeve port from leakage and the heat of compression and explosion, by masking said port between said cylinder and said cylinder head.

24. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder; a sleeve within the cylinder; agear surrounding, connected to, and adapted to rotate, said sleeve and'having a cam surface: a driving gear to'engage and rotate said first-mentioned gear; and means to engage said cam surface to give the gear and sleeve longitudinal movement during the rotation of the sleeve.

25; An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder; a sleeve within the cylinder; a gear surrounding, connected to, and adapted. to rotate, said sleeve and having a cam surface; a driving gear to engage and rotate said first-mentioned gear; and a guide beneath said sleeve to engage said cam surface to give the gear and sleeve longitudinal movement during the rotation of the sleeve. v

26. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder; a sleeve within the cylinder; a gear surrounding, connected to, and adapted to rotate, said sleeve and having acam surface on its lower face; a driving gear to engage and rotate said firstmentioned gear; and means to engage said cam surface to give the ear and sleeve longitudinal movement during the rotation of the sleeve. 7

27. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder; a sleeve within the cylinder; a gear surrounding, connected to, and adapted to rotate, said sleeve and having an integral cam surface; a driving gear to engage and rotate said first-mentioned gear; and means to engage said cam surface to give the gear and sleeve longitudinal movement during the rotation of the sleeve.

RAYMOND WARE.

Witnesses Geo. N. GODDARD, Gnonon A. ROCKWELL. 

